高中时间状语从句讲解

提高我们的英语学习能力，会为我们大家的英语学习带来很大的帮助。首先，能够有效地提高我们大家掌握英语知识点的效率，其次，能够有效地提高大家的英语学习兴趣，让英语学习变得轻松。以下是高中时间状语从句讲解，希望对大家的英语学习能力的提高有帮助。

状语从句.概念

状语从句修饰主句中的动词,形容词,副词等,在复合句中作状语.引导状语从句的关联词是从属连词.状语从句用陈述句语序,一般位于复合句的句首或句末.当从句在句首时,从句后常用逗号和主句相隔.状语是句子谓语动词的重要组成部分。它的主要语法功能是说明谓语动词，在时间、地点、方式、原因、结果，条件等方面对谓语动词作细节上的描述这些状语经常由副词、短语和从句表示。起状语作用的从句就是状语从句。状语从句可分为1时间 2地点 3目的 4原因 5结果 6方式 7条件 8让步 9比较九个种类。

考点分析：

1. 状语从句虽然有完整的主谓结构，却是不能独立的从句。

2. 状语从句它由从属连词引导成为整个句子一个不可缺少的部分。

3. 考查的热点有条件、时间、地点、让步等状语从句的连接词词义辨析.

4. 动词的时态呼应、状语从句的省略等。

5. 题干结构呈交叉和综合特征，选项设计多从定语从句和名词性从句的角度进行思维干扰。

引导状语从句的连接词列表 状 语 从 句连 接 词

时间状语从句常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as(一……就……), while, before, after, since , till, until。 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, barely \ scarcely … when(一……就……)，each time, the first(第一次), last time。every time(每次),

地点状语从句常用引导词：where。 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere

原因状语从句常用引导词：because, since, as, since。特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, in as much as,

条件状语从句常用引导词：if, unless,。 特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that。

让步状语从句常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though。 特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter …， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever。

结果状语从句常用引导词：so … that, so… that, such … that,。 特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that。

方式状语从句常用引导词：as, as if, how。 特殊引导词：the way

目的状语从句常用引导词：so that, in order that。 特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that。

比较状语从句常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)。 特殊引导词：the more … the more … ; just as …， so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B

★★★★第一讲：时间状语从句★★★★

1. 表示“一…就…”的连接词引导的时间状语从句：

1由“as soon as, the instant/ the moment, the minute, instantly, directly, once, immediately”等引导的时间状语从句：

The moment he saw me, he ran away. 他一看见我，就跑了。

My sister came directly she got my message. 我妹妹一收到我的信息就来了。

Once printed, this book will be very popular.一印刷，这本书就将非常流行。

Instantly the button is pressed, the mine explodes.这个扭一按下去，这矿就爆炸了。

They told me the news immediately they got the message.他一得到信息就马上把消息告诉了我。

2 由“no sooner… than”和“had just/hardly/scarcely/ barely …when”引导的时间状语从句。

Hardly had I returned when I bought a fine house. 我一回来就买了个好房子。

He had no sooner received the news than he started.他一收到这个消息就出发了。

No sooner had we reached the top of the hill than we all sat down to rest. 我们一到达山顶就全都坐下来休息。

Scarcely had he entered the room when the phone rang.他一进屋电话就响了。

We had just had our breakfast when an old man came to the door.我们刚一吃完早饭门口就来了一个老人。

2. 其它引导时间状语从句的连接词：

1由“as, while, when, whenever”引导的时间状语从句，同时whenever引导的也是让步状语从句。

The volumes varies as the temperature increases.

She entered the room when the meeting was going on.当会议正在进行时她进了屋。

Come and see me whenever you want to.无论你什么时候想来看我都可以。

Whenever father says”not bad”, he really means “very good”.无论父亲什么时候说“不错“，他真正的意思是”很好“。

While the teacher explained the text, the students listened attentively and took notes.当老师解释课文时，学生们认真地听并记下笔记。

While ,when 和as的用法区别：

在表示“当…时候“，句中是延续性动词时，三个词的用法差别不大，一般可互换。例如：

While /when/ as the students were studying, the lights went out.学生在学习时等灭了。

1 As 从句可用来表示以下三种情况，意为“一边……一边……”、 “随着”“正当”之意：

1. 某事一发生，另一事立即发生。

As I expressed to him my thanks, he held my hand firmly. 当我向他表示感谢时，他紧紧地抓住了我的手。

2. 在某事发生的过程中另一事件发生。两个句子动词都用一般时态，从句也可用进行时态。

As they opened the door on the ground floor, Mary said,”don’t light the lamps.”当他们打开一楼的门时，玛丽说：“别开灯。“

One evening in 1902 as she was sitting with Pierre at home, she said to him, “let’s go down to the laboratory again.” 1902年的一个夜晚，她和皮埃尔坐在家里时，她对皮埃尔说：“咱们再去一下实验室吧。“

3. 两个动作同时发生。

As each day passes(=with the passing of each day), China becomes more and more powerful and prosperous.随着一天天的过去，中国变得越来越繁荣强大。

As the peasant boy fought back, the nobleman drew his sword(剑) and thrust(刺) it at him.正当那农家男孩还手时，那个贵族拔出剑朝他刺过来。

While 引导的时间状语从句必须用持续性动词或to be 表示状态，意为“当…时候“”趁着…“while从句可以表示：

1. 一般或现在的情况。

Make hay while the sun shines. 太阳好，就晒草。

We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们必须趁热打铁。

Never get on or off a bus while it is in motion. 汽车运行时不要上下车。

2. 将来情况(从句谓语可用一般现在时或现在进行时)。

I will be kind to him while you are away.你不在时我会对他好的。

I am going to the postoffice. ---while you are there,can you get me some stamps?我要去邮局了。---你在那儿时，帮我买些邮票好吗?

I will get something to eat while you are finding the book.你找书时我要拿点东西吃。

3. 过去情况(时态主要有下面三种情况)。

1主句和从句谓语都用一般过去时。

A letter came here for you while you were ill.你生病时来了封你的信。

She listened carefully while he read the letter.他读信时她仔细听着。

2. 从句谓语用过去进行时，主句谓语用一般过去时。

I hurt my left shoulder while I was doing gym.. 我做操时伤了左肩膀。

While I was windering at this,our master took his place. 我正对这感到纳闷时，我们的老师就座了。

3主句和从句谓语都过去进行时。

While people in other countries were trying to catch animals, farmers in China were developing the science of agriculture. 当世界上其他国家的人们还在捕猎时，中国的农民已经在从事农业科学研究了。

When 引导的时间状语从句既可用持续性又可用非持续性动词。

1When只是单纯的表示动作的时间，意为“当…时”。

When he answers questions, it takes about two minutes.他回答问题时大约要花两分钟时间。

Are you going to be a sailor when you leave school? 你毕业后想当个海员吗?

2when 引导的时间状语从句还表示突然发生某事，意为“正在……忽然”。

Tom and susan were walking down the street when they saw an accident.汤姆和苏三正在街上走，忽然看到一场意外事故。

I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped me. 我正要去游泳，这时向导把我拦住了。

3when引导的时间状语从句还可以表示过早的发生某事，意为“还没(刚刚)… 就”，这时连词before也可以这么用，表示出现意想不到的情况。

He had gone through six carriages (before)when he found he could go no further. 他走过了六节车厢，这时他发现再也走不过去了。

She had not been married many weeks when that man’s younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty.她结婚刚刚几个星期，那个人的弟弟就看见了她，并且被她的美貌所吸引。

Someone called up in the middle of the night, but they hung up before(when) I could answer the phone。有人半夜打来电话，但是没等我接就挂断了。

4when还有“尽管，虽然，既然，鉴于，如果，届时，在那时”等意思。

He walks when he might take a taxi.虽然他可坐出租车，不过他还是步行。

How could I live in Los Angeles when all my favorite people live here? 既然我最喜欢的人都在这里，我怎能住在洛杉矶呢?

How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none? 如果你不宽恕别人，你自己怎能希望得到别人的宽恕呢

It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, when for the first time in years their team won the world cup.对于这些足球迷们来说，这时今年令人激动的时刻，这是他们的队多年来第一次赢得世界杯。

2 由“till, until”引导的时间状语从句时，在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词(如wait, work, study等)，意为“一直到…”。在否定句中，主句要用非延续性动词(如stop, begin, arrive, die, get married等)。Not…until结构常被译成“直到…才”。

The couple worked in the laboratory until day had broken. 夫妻俩在实验室一直工作到天亮。

The couple didn’t stop working in the laboratory until day had broken.

They didn’t go home until they had finished the work. 他们直到完成工作才回家。

★注意：该句型的强调句是历年高考的热点。肯定句要进行强调时可以采用正规的强调句结构，也可以直接将until从句或短语提至句首。

It was Until the train had left that he waited for his companion to come. 直到火车已经离开了，他还在等他的伙伴来。

She stood there till/ until he had passed out of sight. 她站在那里，直到看不见他的身影.

Until the train had left, he waited for his companion to come. 直到火车已经离开了，他还在等他的伙伴来。

★注意: 而否定句的强调常用it is/ was not until……that……结构或把not和until从句或短语提至句首，而主句采用倒装语序。

Until they had finished the work, they didn’t go home.

It was not until she finished doing her homework that the determined girl went to bed.

Not until she finished doing her homework did the determined girl go to bed.直到做完作业以后，那个有决心的女孩才睡觉的。

趁热打铁-----学生练习: 把下列not…until 结构变成强调句。

1. The director didn’t realize that clerk’s importance until he asked to leave the unit.

It _____ ______ ______ he asked to leave _____ the director _____ that clerk’s importance.(was not until, that, realized)

_______ until he asked to leave ______ the director _____ that clerk’s importance.(not, did, realize)

2. The journalist won’t leave until he sees the headmaster. 这记者直到看到校长才会走。

It ______ _____ ______ he sees the headmaster _____ the journalist will leave.(not, will )

______ until he sees the headmaster _____ the journalist leave.(is not until,that )

由“before, after”引导的时间状语从句：★before引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之后，而after引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之前。

Remember to turn off the light before you leave.在你离开前记得关灯。

After she had written the letter, she went to the post office.她写完这封信后，她去了邮局。

在时间状语从句中，连词before除表示“在……之前”外，还常用来表示两件事情的发生相隔时间之长或之短。

Before I could say anything, he had read my mind. 我还未能说什麽，他就猜出了我的心思。

The host and the hostess had waited for hours before the guest came. 主人等了几个小时以后客人才来了。

考点突破之重点精讲一“状语从句的省略”

Unless _____ to the meeting, you should stay at home with your family.

A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited

答案：A. 因为主从句的主语都是you,将条件状语从句中的主语you和助动词are省略了。

1在时间状语从句(when, while, once, until等引导的)条件状语从句，让步状语从句(though,although等引导的)，比较状语从句(than引导的)和方式状语从句中，如果主从句的主语相同，且从句中有be动词时，可以省去从句中的主语和be动词。例如：

Although he is very old. He is still very strong, 可省略成“Although very old. He is still very strong,”

The product is better than it is commonly supposed. 可省略成“The product is better than commonly supposed.,”

2注意：如果状语从句中的主语是it,且谓语为be动词时，即使主从句的主语不一致，也可以省略状语从句中的主语it和谓语be动词。例如：

I will come early to help you prepare the speech if (it is) possible. 如果可能的话，我会早点来帮你准备演讲。

考点突破之重点精讲二“状语从句中的时态呼应”

--What are planning to do in the future? ---No idea. After all, I still have three terms to go before I ______ .

A. will graduate B. will have graduate C. graduate D. an graduating

答案：C. 在时间状语从句中要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

1在时间，条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，但有时也可在条件句中出现will表意愿。如：

If you will come this way,our manager wants to see you. 请您这边来，经理想见你。

2在时间，条件状语从句中，也常用现在完成时代替将来完成时。在间接引语中的时间和条件状语从句中，常用一般过去时代替过去将来时，过去完成时代替过去将来完成时。例如：

The tuorists will get to the destination in time if their car doesn’t break down.

如果车不出故障那些游客会及时到达目的地的。

I need one more stamp before my collection is completed. 在我的集邮完整之前我还需要另外一枚邮票。

The traveller won’t leave the hotel(招待所)until he has done all his business.

直到处理事务以后那个旅客才会离开旅馆。

趁热打铁-----学生练习: 用所给动词的正确的时态完成句子。

1. Your cousin will be a government official by the time he ______ (be) thirty. 答案：is.

2. I don’t know if the musician will get married to the politician as they have planned, but if they _____ (do), I will let you know. 答案：do.

3. the coach won’t forgive the gymnast unless she _____ (tell) him the truth. 答案：tells.

4. It will be centuries before this idea _____ true.(come) 答案：comes.

5. Mother told me not to go to the cinema until I _____ (do) my lessons. 答案：had done.

考点突破之重点精讲三“引导状语从句的before和since及引导强调句型的that的用法辨析”

What a splendid evening we have had together! It’s a fortnight_______I ebjoyed myself so much.

A. when B. that C. before D. since

答案：D。句意为“我们在一起度过了一个多么美好的夜晚啊! 我已有两周没有这样开心地玩过了。”since引导时间状语从句时，表示“自从……以来”，符合本题的语境。

主句为“it + be动词 + 一段时间”这一结构时，后边的连词该用before，since还是that的问题。

解决这个问题的关键是看主句中的时态和整个主从句的意思。分为三种情况：

1. 如果表示两件事情的发生相隔时间之长或之短，常用before引导从句。它德的特点是：主句常是现在将来时、过去将来时或一般过去时。若主句采用一般过去时的时候，表一段时间的名词后无ago这个词。

It will be a fortnight before the new director takes charge.要过两周以后新主任才上任。

The expert said that it would not be long before robots replaced humans.那专家说要不了多久机器人会代替了人的。

Hurricane hit the area badly. It was long before the area became normal.飓风严重袭击该地区。过了很久以后，该地区才恢复了正常。

2. 如果主句是一般现在或现在完成时，连词常用since，它表示过去某一动作的发生离现在有多长时间了。

It is/has been centuries since the great wall came into being.自从长城形成到现在已经数个世纪了。

3. 若主句采用过去时态，且表一段时间的词后有ago这个词时，属强调句型，连词要用that.

It was centuries ago that the Great Wall came into being.是在数个世纪以前长城形成的。

趁热打铁-----学生练习 用before,that或since填空。

高中英语的学习，往往是我们同学们总体成绩拉开档次的关键。所以，想要提高自己的成绩，就应该重视起来英语的学习，提高英语学习效率。希望以上所介绍的高中时间状语从句讲解，可以帮助同学们更好的掌握状语从句的知识点，做好状语从句的学习。